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<title>Lex (software)</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lex (software)</span></span>

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</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary">Lex</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Programmer" title="Programmer">Original author(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Mike_Lesk" title="Mike Lesk">Mike Lesk</a>, <a href="Eric_Schmidt" title="Eric Schmidt">Eric Schmidt</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">1975<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1975</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

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</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minnie.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=4BSD/usr/src/cmd/lex">minnie<wbr>.tuhs<wbr>.org<wbr>/cgi-bin<wbr>/utree<wbr>.pl?file=4BSD%2Fusr%2Fsrc%2Fcmd%2Flex</a></span> </li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a>, <a href="Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a>, <a href="Plan_9_from_Bell_Labs" title="Plan 9 from Bell Labs">Plan 9</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">Platform</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Cross-platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-platform">Cross-platform</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Command_(computing)" title="Command (computing)">Command</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Plan 9: <a href="MIT_License" title="MIT License">MIT License</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>Lex</b> is a <a href="Computer_program" title="Computer program">computer program</a> that generates <a href="Lexical_analysis" title="Lexical analysis">lexical analyzers</a> ("scanners" or "lexers").<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is commonly used with the <a href="Yacc" title="Yacc">yacc</a> <a href="Parser_generator" class="mw-redirect" title="Parser generator">parser generator</a> and is the standard lexical analyzer generator on many <a href="Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> and <a href="Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a> systems. An equivalent tool is specified as part of the <a href="POSIX" title="POSIX">POSIX</a> standard.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Lex reads an input <a href="Stream_(computing)" title="Stream (computing)">stream</a> specifying the lexical analyzer and writes <a href="Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> which implements the lexical analyzer in the <a href="C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C programming language</a>.

</p><p>In addition to C, some old versions of Lex could generate a lexer in <a href="Ratfor" title="Ratfor">Ratfor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>Lex was originally written by <a href="Mike_Lesk" title="Mike Lesk">Mike Lesk</a> and <a href="Eric_Schmidt" title="Eric Schmidt">Eric Schmidt</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and described in 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

In the following years, Lex became the standard lexical analyzer generator on many <a href="Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> and <a href="Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a> systems. In 1983, Lex was one of several UNIX tools available for Charles River Data Systems' <a href="UNOS_(operating_system)" title="UNOS (operating system)">UNOS</a> operating system under <a href="Bell_Laboratories" class="mw-redirect" title="Bell Laboratories">Bell Laboratories</a> license.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

Although originally distributed as proprietary software, some versions of Lex are now <a href="Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source</a>. Open-source versions of Lex, based on the original proprietary code, are now distributed with open-source operating systems such as <a href="OpenSolaris" title="OpenSolaris">OpenSolaris</a> and <a href="Plan_9_from_Bell_Labs" title="Plan 9 from Bell Labs">Plan 9 from Bell Labs</a>. One popular open-source version of Lex, called <a href="Flex_lexical_analyser" class="mw-redirect" title="Flex lexical analyser">flex</a>, or the "fast lexical analyzer", is not derived from proprietary coding.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure_of_a_Lex_file">Structure of a Lex file</h2></div>

<p>The structure of a Lex file is intentionally similar to that of a yacc file: files are divided into three sections, separated by lines that contain only two percent signs, as follows:

</p>

<ul><li>The <b>definitions</b> section defines <a href="Macro_(computer_science)" title="Macro (computer science)">macros</a> and imports <a href="Header_file" class="mw-redirect" title="Header file">header files</a> written in <a href="C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a>. It is also possible to write any C code here, which will be copied verbatim into the generated source file.</li>

<li>The <b>rules</b> section associates <a href="Regular_expression" title="Regular expression">regular expression</a> patterns with C <a href="Statement_(programming)" class="mw-redirect" title="Statement (programming)">statements</a>. When the lexer sees text in the input matching a given pattern, it will execute the associated C code.</li>

<li>The <b>C code</b> section contains C statements and <a href="Function_(programming)" class="mw-redirect" title="Function (programming)">functions</a> that are copied verbatim to the generated source file. These statements presumably contain code called by the rules in the rules section. In large programs it is more convenient to place this code in a separate file linked in at <a href="Compiler" title="Compiler">compile</a> time.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Example_of_a_Lex_file">Example of a Lex file</h2></div>

<p>The following is an example Lex file for the <a href="Flex_lexical_analyser" class="mw-redirect" title="Flex lexical analyser">flex</a> version of Lex. It recognizes strings of numbers (positive integers) in the input, and simply prints them out.

</p>

<div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-c mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span class="cm">/*** Definition section ***/</span>

<span class="cm">/* C code to be copied verbatim */</span>

<span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf"><stdio.h></span>

<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/*** Rules section ***/</span>

<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* [0-9]+ matches a string of one or more digits */</span>

<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* yytext is a string containing the matched text. */</span>

<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Saw an integer: %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yytext</span><span class="p">);</span>

<span class="p">.</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="err">\</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Ignore all other characters. */</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>

<span class="cm">/*** C Code section ***/</span>

<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Call the lexer, then quit. */</span>

<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">yylex</span><span class="p">();</span>

<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>

</pre></div>

<p>If this input is given to <code>flex</code>, it will be converted into a C file, <span class="nowrap"> <code>lex.yy.c</code></span>. This can be compiled into an executable which matches and outputs strings of integers. For example, given the input:

</p>

<pre>abc123z.!&*2gj6

</pre>

<p>the program will print:

</p>

<pre>Saw an integer: 123

Saw an integer: 2

Saw an integer: 6

</pre>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Using_Lex_with_other_programming_tools">Using Lex with other programming tools</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Using_Lex_with_parser_generators">Using Lex with parser generators</h3></div>

<p>Lex, as with other lexical analyzers, limits rules to those which can be described by <a href="Regular_expressions" class="mw-redirect" title="Regular expressions">regular expressions</a>. Due to this, Lex can be implemented by a <a href="Finite-state_automata" class="mw-redirect" title="Finite-state automata">finite-state automata</a> as shown by the <a href="Chomsky_hierarchy" title="Chomsky hierarchy">Chomsky hierarchy</a> of languages. To recognize more complex languages, Lex is often used with parser generators such as <a href="Yacc" title="Yacc">Yacc</a> or <a href="GNU_bison" class="mw-redirect" title="GNU bison">Bison</a>. Parser generators use a <a href="Formal_grammar" title="Formal grammar">formal grammar</a> to parse an input stream.

</p><p>It is typically preferable to have a parser, one generated by Yacc for instance, accept a stream of tokens (a "token-stream") as input, rather than having to process a stream of characters (a "character-stream") directly. Lex is often used to produce such a token-stream.

</p><p><a href="Scannerless_parsing" title="Scannerless parsing">Scannerless parsing</a> refers to parsing the input character-stream directly, without a distinct lexer.

</p>

<p><a href="Make_(software)" title="Make (software)">make</a> is a utility that can be used to maintain programs involving Lex. Make assumes that a file that has an extension of <code>.l</code> is a Lex source file. The make internal macro <code>LFLAGS</code> can be used to specify Lex options to be invoked automatically by make.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Flex_lexical_analyser" class="mw-redirect" title="Flex lexical analyser">Flex lexical analyser</a></li>

<li><a href="Ragel" title="Ragel">Ragel</a></li>

<li><a href="PLY_(Python_Lex-Yacc)" class="mw-redirect" title="PLY (Python Lex-Yacc)">PLY (Python Lex-Yacc)</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_parser_generators" title="Comparison of parser generators">Comparison of parser generators</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFLevineMasonBrown1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="John_R._Levine" title="John R. Levine">Levine, John R.</a>; Mason, Tony; Brown, Doug (1992). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lexyacc00levi"><i>lex & yacc</i></a></span> (2 ed.). <a href="O'Reilly_Media" title="O'Reilly Media">O'Reilly</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lexyacc00levi/page/1">1</a>–2. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>1-56592-000-7</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLevine2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="John_Levine" class="mw-redirect" title="John Levine">Levine, John</a> (August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oreilly.com/catalog/9780596155988"><i>flex & bison</i></a>. O'Reilly Media. p. 304. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-596-15597-1</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/lex.html">The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, 2018 edition § Shell & Utilities § Utilities § lex</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_R._LevineJohn_MasonDoug_Brown1992" class="citation book cs1">John R. Levine; John Mason; Doug Brown (1992). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lexyacc00levi"><i>Lex & Yacc</i></a></span>. O'Reilly. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781565920002</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLeskSchmidt" class="citation web cs1">Lesk, M.E.; Schmidt, E. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120728112736/http://dinosaur.compilertools.net/lex/index.html">"Lex – A Lexical Analyzer Generator"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dinosaur.compilertools.net/lex/index.html">the original</a> on 2012-07-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 16,</span> 2010</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLeskSchmidt1975" class="citation web cs1">Lesk, M.E.; Schmidt, E. (July 21, 1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epaperpress.com/lexandyacc/download/lex.pdf">"Lex – A Lexical Analyzer Generator"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>UNIX TIME-SHARING SYSTEM:UNIX PROGRAMMER’S MANUAL, Seventh Edition, Volume 2B</i>. bell-labs.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Dec 20,</span> 2011</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLesk1975" class="citation journal cs1">Lesk, M.E. (October 1975). "Lex – A Lexical Analyzer Generator". <i>Comp. Sci. Tech. Rep. No. 39</i>. Murray Hill, New Jersey: Bell Laboratories.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.1000bit.it/ad/bro/charles/CharlesRiverSystem-Universe.pdf"><i>The Insider's Guide To The Universe</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Charles River Data Systems, Inc. 1983. p. 13.</cite></span>

</li>

<cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/utilities/make.html">"make"</a>. <i>The Open Group Base Specifications</i> (6). The IEEE and The Open Group. 2004. IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">The Wikibook <i><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Guide_to_Unix" class="extiw external" title="wikibooks:Guide to Unix">Guide to Unix</a></i> has a page on the topic of: <i><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Guide_to_Unix/Commands" class="extiw external" title="wikibooks:Guide to Unix/Commands">Commands</a></b></i></div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mactech.com/articles/mactech/Vol.16/16.07/UsingFlexandBison/">Using Flex and Bison at Macworld.com</a></li>

<li><span class="neverexpand"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E88353_01/html/E37839/lex-1.html">lex(1)</a></code></span> – <a href="Solaris_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Solaris (operating system)">Solaris 11.4</a> User Commands Reference <a href="Man_page" title="Man page">Manual</a></li>

<li><span class="neverexpand"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://9p.io/magic/man2html/1/lex">lex(1)</a></code></span> – <a href="Plan_9_from_Bell_Labs" title="Plan 9 from Bell Labs">Plan 9</a> Programmer's Manual, Volume 1</li></ul>

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</style><div id="Unix_command-line_interface_programs_and_shell_builtins541" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> <a href="Command-line_interface" title="Command-line interface">command-line interface</a> programs and <a href="Shell_builtin" title="Shell builtin">shell builtins</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">File system</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Chattr" title="Chattr">chattr</a></li>

<li><a href="Chmod" title="Chmod">chmod</a></li>

<li><a href="Chown" title="Chown">chown</a></li>

<li><a href="Chgrp" title="Chgrp">chgrp</a></li>

<li><a href="Cksum" title="Cksum">cksum</a></li>

<li><a href="Fuser_(Unix)" title="Fuser (Unix)">fuser</a></li>

<li><a href="Mkdir" title="Mkdir">mkdir</a></li>

<li><a href="Rmdir" title="Rmdir">rmdir</a></li>

<li><a href="Split_(Unix)" title="Split (Unix)">split</a></li>

<li><a href="Touch_(command)" title="Touch (command)">touch</a></li>

<li><a href="Umask" title="Umask">umask</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Processes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Cron" title="Cron">crontab</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">User environment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Logname" title="Logname">logname</a></li>

<li><a href="Uname" title="Uname">uname</a></li>

<li><a href="Write_(Unix)" title="Write (Unix)">write</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Text processing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Basename" title="Basename">basename</a></li>

<li><a href="Csplit" title="Csplit">csplit</a></li>

<li><a href="Dirname" title="Dirname">dirname</a></li>

<li><a href="Iconv" title="Iconv">iconv</a></li>

<li><a href="Paste_(Unix)" title="Paste (Unix)">paste</a></li>

<li><a href="Patch_(Unix)" title="Patch (Unix)">patch</a></li>

<li><a href="Printf_(Unix)" title="Printf (Unix)">printf</a></li>

<li><a href="Strings_(Unix)" title="Strings (Unix)">strings</a></li>

<li><a href="Troff" title="Troff">troff</a></li>

<li><a href="Xargs" title="Xargs">xargs</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Shell_builtin" title="Shell builtin">Shell builtins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alias_(command)" title="Alias (command)">alias</a></li>

<li><a href="Environment_variable#unset_command" title="Environment variable">unset</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Searching</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Documentation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Software_development" title="Software development">Software development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Ctags" title="Ctags">ctags</a></li>

<li><a href="Strip_(Unix)" title="Strip (Unix)">strip</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Sleep_(command)" title="Sleep (command)">sleep</a></li>

<li><a href="True_and_false_(commands)" title="True and false (commands)">true and false</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> <b>Categories</b>

<ul><li>Standard Unix programs</li>

<li>Unix SUS2008 utilities</li></ul></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Plan_9_command-line_interface_programs_and_shell_builtins358" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Plan_9_command-line_interface_programs_and_shell_builtins358" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Plan_9_from_Bell_Labs" title="Plan 9 from Bell Labs">Plan 9</a> <a href="Command-line_interface" title="Command-line interface">command-line interface</a> programs and <a href="Shell_builtin" title="Shell builtin">shell builtins</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">File system</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Chmod" title="Chmod">chmod</a></li>

<li><a href="Chgrp" title="Chgrp">chgrp</a></li>

<li><a href="Mkdir" title="Mkdir">mkdir</a></li>

<li><a href="Split_(Unix)" title="Split (Unix)">split</a></li>

<li><a href="Touch_(command)" title="Touch (command)">touch</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Passwd" title="Passwd">passwd</a></li>

<li><a href="Basename" title="Basename">basename</a></li>

<li><a href="Spell_(Unix)" title="Spell (Unix)">spell</a></li>

<li><a href="Strings_(Unix)" title="Strings (Unix)">strings</a></li>

<li><a href="Troff" title="Troff">troff</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Network_utility" title="Network utility">Networking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ipconfig" title="Ipconfig">ip/ipconfig</a></li>

<li><a href="Netstat" title="Netstat">netstat</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Searching</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Strip_(Unix)" title="Strip (Unix)">strip</a></li>

<li><a href="Fortune_(Unix)" title="Fortune (Unix)">fortune</a></li>

<li><a href="Sleep_(command)" title="Sleep (command)">sleep</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-05-16" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Lex_(software)&oldid=1290658686">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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